A picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) has recently been demonstrated to cut biological tissue without scar formation based on the minimal destructive action on the surrounding cells. During cutting with PIRL, the irradiated tissue is ablated by a cold vaporization process termed desorption by impulsive vibrational excitation. In the resulting aerosol, all molecules are dissolved in small droplets and even labile biomolecules like proteins remain intact after ablation. It is hypothesized that these properties enable the PIRL in combination with mass spectrometry as an intelligent laser scalpel for guided surgery. In this study, it was tested if PIRL-generated tissue aerosols are applicable for direct analysis with mass spectrometry, and if the acquired mass spectra can be used to discriminate different brain areas.